From 507d49b2a9fca723e6c13cbdb476185920e88eea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kaihsin <khwu@quera.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 10:08:16 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] add annotation codegen for stim

---
 src/bloqade/stim/emit/__init__.py               |  1 +
 src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py                  | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 34 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py
 create mode 100644 test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py

diff --git a/src/bloqade/stim/emit/__init__.py b/src/bloqade/stim/emit/__init__.py
index b7d8c569b..90dfcdf6c 100644
--- a/src/bloqade/stim/emit/__init__.py
+++ b/src/bloqade/stim/emit/__init__.py
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+from . import impls as impls
 from .stim_str import FuncEmit as FuncEmit, EmitStimMain as EmitStimMain
diff --git a/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py b/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..743ee4c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from kirin.emit import EmitStrFrame
+from kirin.interp import MethodTable, impl
+from kirin.dialects.debug import Info, dialect
+
+from bloqade.stim.emit.stim_str import EmitStimMain
+
+
+@dialect.register(key="emit.stim")
+class EmitStimDebugMethods(MethodTable):
+
+    @impl(Info)
+    def info(self, emit: EmitStimMain, frame: EmitStrFrame, stmt: Info):
+
+        msg: str = frame.get(stmt.msg)
+        emit.writeln(frame, f"#{msg}")
+
+        return ()
diff --git a/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py b/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a3c9aafa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from kirin.dialects import debug
+
+from bloqade import stim
+
+from .base import codegen
+
+
+def test_debug():
+
+    @stim.main
+    def test_debug_main():
+        debug.info("debug message")
+
+    test_debug_main.print()
+    out = codegen(test_debug_main)
+    assert out.strip() == "#debug message"

From 5126e6d9fb2fba7af314522019692b03cb5fd2f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kaihsin <khwu@quera.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 10:30:01 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] add tests

---
 src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py                |  2 +-
 .../dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py     |  2 +-
 test/stim/passes/test_squin_debug_to_stim.py  | 44 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/stim/passes/test_squin_debug_to_stim.py

diff --git a/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py b/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py
index 743ee4c73..83a0c8671 100644
--- a/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py
+++ b/src/bloqade/stim/emit/impls.py
@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ class EmitStimDebugMethods(MethodTable):
     def info(self, emit: EmitStimMain, frame: EmitStrFrame, stmt: Info):
 
         msg: str = frame.get(stmt.msg)
-        emit.writeln(frame, f"#{msg}")
+        emit.writeln(frame, f"# {msg}")
 
         return ()
diff --git a/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py b/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py
index a3c9aafa1..b056e5402 100644
--- a/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py
+++ b/test/stim/dialects/stim/emit/test_stim_debug.py
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ def test_debug_main():
 
     test_debug_main.print()
     out = codegen(test_debug_main)
-    assert out.strip() == "#debug message"
+    assert out.strip() == "# debug message"
diff --git a/test/stim/passes/test_squin_debug_to_stim.py b/test/stim/passes/test_squin_debug_to_stim.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7319bc47d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/stim/passes/test_squin_debug_to_stim.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import os
+
+from kirin import ir
+from kirin.dialects import py, debug
+
+from bloqade.squin import kernel
+from bloqade.stim.emit import EmitStimMain
+from bloqade.stim.passes import SquinToStimPass
+
+
+# Taken gratuitously from Kai's unit test
+def codegen(mt: ir.Method):
+    # method should not have any arguments!
+    emit = EmitStimMain()
+    emit.initialize()
+    emit.run(mt=mt, args=())
+    return emit.get_output()
+
+
+def as_int(value: int):
+    return py.constant.Constant(value=value)
+
+
+def as_float(value: float):
+    return py.constant.Constant(value=value)
+
+
+def load_reference_program(filename):
+    path = os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(__file__), "stim_reference_programs", "debug", filename
+    )
+    with open(path, "r") as f:
+        return f.read()
+
+
+def test_info():
+    @kernel
+    def test():
+        debug.info("debug message")
+        return
+
+    SquinToStimPass(test.dialects)(test)
+    base_stim_prog = load_reference_program("debug.stim")
+    assert codegen(test) == base_stim_prog.rstrip()

From ac09434d6c2f7013b15fa63d020e4885c0ce8889 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kaihsin <khwu@quera.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 11:40:43 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] add stim file

---
 test/stim/passes/stim_reference_programs/debug/debug.stim | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/stim/passes/stim_reference_programs/debug/debug.stim

diff --git a/test/stim/passes/stim_reference_programs/debug/debug.stim b/test/stim/passes/stim_reference_programs/debug/debug.stim
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7479e928f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/stim/passes/stim_reference_programs/debug/debug.stim
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+# debug message