rust: clarify the language unstable features in use

We track the details of which Rust features we use at our usual "live
list" [1] (and its sub-lists), but in light of a discussion in the LWN
article [2], it would help to clarify it in the source code.

In particular, we are very close to rely only on stable Rust language-wise
-- essentially only two language features remain (including the `kernel`
crate).

Thus add some details in both the feature list of the `kernel` crate as
well as the list of allowed features.

This does not over every single feature, and there are quite a few
non-language features that we use too. To have the full picture, please
refer to [1].

Link: #2 [1]
Link: https://lwn.net/Articles/1015409/ [2]
Suggested-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250327211302.286313-1-ojeda@kernel.org
[ Improved comments with suggestions from the list. - Miguel ]
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

Author: ojeda

rust/kernel/lib.rs

@@ -12,20 +12,34 @@
 //! do so first instead of bypassing this crate.
 
 #![no_std]
-#![feature(arbitrary_self_types)]
-#![cfg_attr(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE, feature(derive_coerce_pointee))]
-#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(coerce_unsized))]
-#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(dispatch_from_dyn))]
-#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(unsize))]
+//
+// Please see https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/2 for details on
+// the unstable features in use.
+//
+// Stable since Rust 1.79.0.
 #![feature(inline_const)]
+//
+// Stable since Rust 1.81.0.
 #![feature(lint_reasons)]
-// Stable in Rust 1.82
+//
+// Stable since Rust 1.82.0.
 #![feature(raw_ref_op)]
-// Stable in Rust 1.83
+//
+// Stable since Rust 1.83.0.
 #![feature(const_maybe_uninit_as_mut_ptr)]
 #![feature(const_mut_refs)]
 #![feature(const_ptr_write)]
 #![feature(const_refs_to_cell)]
+//
+// Expected to become stable.
+#![feature(arbitrary_self_types)]
+//
+// `feature(derive_coerce_pointee)` is expected to become stable. Before Rust
+// 1.84.0, it did not exist, so enable the predecessor features.
+#![cfg_attr(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE, feature(derive_coerce_pointee))]
+#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(coerce_unsized))]
+#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(dispatch_from_dyn))]
+#![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(unsize))]
 
 // Ensure conditional compilation based on the kernel configuration works;
 // otherwise we may silently break things like initcall handling.

scripts/Makefile.build

@@ -222,6 +222,15 @@ $(obj)/%.lst: $(obj)/%.c FORCE
 # Compile Rust sources (.rs)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+# The features in this list are the ones allowed for non-`rust/` code.
+#
+#   - Stable since Rust 1.81.0: `feature(lint_reasons)`.
+#   - Stable since Rust 1.82.0: `feature(asm_const)`, `feature(raw_ref_op)`.
+#   - Stable since Rust 1.87.0: `feature(asm_goto)`.
+#   - Expected to become stable: `feature(arbitrary_self_types)`.
+#
+# Please see https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux/issues/2 for details on
+# the unstable features in use.
 rust_allowed_features := asm_const,asm_goto,arbitrary_self_types,lint_reasons,raw_ref_op
 
 # `--out-dir` is required to avoid temporaries being created by `rustc` in the