Add PGO documentation section to crate configuration

Add section explaining Profile Guided Optimization can provide up to 25% performance improvements. Includes three-stage build process instructions and tips for effective PGO usage. References issue #9507.

Author: jatinkumarsingh

docs/source/user-guide/crate-configuration.md

@@ -92,6 +92,38 @@ lto = true
 codegen-units = 1
 ```
 
+### Profile Guided Optimization (PGO)
+
+Profile Guided Optimization (PGO) can provide substantial performance improvements of up to 25% for DataFusion workloads. PGO works by compiling your code with instrumentation, running it on representative workloads to collect profile data, and then recompiling with optimizations based on that profile data.
+
+To use PGO with DataFusion, you need to perform a three-stage build process:
+
+1. **Build with instrumentation**: Compile your code with profile generation enabled.
+
+```shell
+RUSTFLAGS="-C profile-generate=/tmp/pgo-data" cargo build --release
+```
+
+2. **Run representative workloads**: Execute your DataFusion application with workloads that represent your typical usage patterns. For best results, use benchmarks like TPCH or Clickbench, or run your actual production workloads.
+
+```shell
+./target/release/your-datafusion-app --benchmark
+```
+
+3. **Build with profile data**: Recompile using the collected profile data.
+
+```shell
+RUSTFLAGS="-C profile-use=/tmp/pgo-data" cargo build --release
+```
+
+**Tips for effective PGO:**
+
+- Use representative workloads: The profile data should reflect your actual usage patterns. Consider using TPCH, Clickbench, or your production query patterns.
+- Run multiple iterations: Execute your workload multiple times during the profiling stage to ensure comprehensive coverage.
+- Combine with other optimizations: PGO works well in combination with LTO and CPU-specific optimizations for maximum performance gains.
+
+For more information on PGO with Rust, see the [Rust compiler guide on Profile Guided Optimization](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/building/optimized-build.html#profile-guided-optimization). See also [issue #9507](https://github.com/apache/datafusion/issues/9507) for discussion on PGO results.
+
 ### Alternate Allocator: `snmalloc`
 
 You can also use [snmalloc-rs](https://crates.io/crates/snmalloc-rs) crate as