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What is the difference?

FullstackCodingGuy edited this page Jan 10, 2025 · 16 revisions

This section covers differences in various topics.

General Comparison of various tools/libraries/software - Pros, Cons

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This is a list of top posts that members of the community have created. These are the posts folks have generally continued coming back to over and over again, so we created this page to make some of these more discoverable. Hopefully you better understand some of the differences here once you've found the guide you need!

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Session Based Authentication vs JWTs

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Session

  • User session information is stored at the backend server in a database or session storage, returns a unique session id to the user
  • All the relevant information about the user's login such as profile data, roles and permissions, user settings are possibly stored along with session information.

Advantages

  • Client doesn't have to worry about handling session at client side app

Disadvantages

  • Increases the server load
  • Scalability issues due to sticky session

JWT

  • User information is encrypted and returned to the client by the backend server in the form of json web token
  • No session information is stored in the backend server

Advantages

  • No separate stored needed
  • Scalability is easier

Disadvantages

  • Invalidating a jwt is not easy, with session, it can be simply deleted from the session store
  • Data in the jwt can become stale
  • Token expires after the set time, client has to request for a new token, server has to issue new jwt

ALB vs ELB

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How do ELB and ALB's Handle Requests?

Fundamental to understanding the significant differences between the Classic ELB and the ALB is identifying the differences in how they handle and route requests. And the key to this is a basic understanding of the OSI Model. The Open Systems Interconnection Model, or OSI Model, is a conceptual model which is used to facilitate communications between different computing systems.

Individual layers within the OSI Model are supported by the layer below it. Layer 1 is the physical layer, and represents the physical medium across which the request is sent. This medium could be an optical fiber, CAT-5 cable or another transport technology. Layer 2 describes the data link layer, Layer 3 (the network layer), and on up until Layer 7, which serves the application layer. You can learn more about the OSI layer and its history on Wikipedia.

The Classic ELB operates at Layer 4. Layer 4 represents the transport layer, and is controlled by the protocol being used to transmit the request. For web applications, this will most commonly be the TCP/IP protocol, although UDP may also be used. A network device, of which the Classic ELB is an example, reads the protocol and port of the incoming request, and then routes it to one or more backend servers.

In contrast, the ALB operates at Layer 7. Layer 7 represents the application layer, and as such allows for the redirection of traffic based on the content of the request. Whereas a request to a specific URL backed by a Classic ELB would only enable routing to a particular pool of homogeneous servers, the ALB can route based on the content of the URL, and direct to a specific subgroup of backing servers existing in a heterogeneous collection registered with the load balancer.

The Classic ELB: An AWS Original

The Classic ELB is a simple load balancer, is easy to configure, and given its longer history as a product, most AWS engineers are familiar with the product and have used it in the past. If your environment consists of clearly defined services which can each be mapped to a specific address, then the Classic ELB is the logical choice.

Like the more advanced ALB, the Classic ELB supports:

  • SSL Termination
  • Sticky Sessions
  • Termination of Idle Sessions
  • Completion of Requests to Instances In The Process Of Being Marked Unhealthy.

How do you choose between an application load balancer and elastic load balancer?

This decision ultimately depends on your environment. If you are currently supporting an environment where each collection of servers has its load balancer, and there is a direct mapping between URL and service, the Classic ELB is probably the best option for you.

Consider ALB If you have EC2-based microservices and considering implementing container-based infrastructure going forward.

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