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| 1 | +<section id="primitive-vco" class="primer"> |
| 2 | + <header> |
| 3 | + <h1>Primitive VCO</h1> |
| 4 | + <p class="subtitle">Voltage as Rhythm, Transistors as Timekeepers</p> |
| 5 | + </header> |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | + <article> |
| 8 | + <section class="intro"> |
| 9 | + <p>This module explores how a classic transistor flip-flop can be transformed into a voltage-controlled oscillator. No ICs — just analog logic sculpted into sound.</p> |
| 10 | + </section> |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | + <section class="components"> |
| 13 | + <h2>Core Circuit Elements</h2> |
| 14 | + <ul> |
| 15 | + <li>2 × NPN Transistors (e.g. 2N3904)</li> |
| 16 | + <li>2 × Capacitors (10µF electrolytic)</li> |
| 17 | + <li>4–6 × Resistors (fixed + voltage-controlled)</li> |
| 18 | + <li>1 × Control Voltage Input (0–5V or 0–9V)</li> |
| 19 | + <li>Optional: RC filter for waveform shaping</li> |
| 20 | + </ul> |
| 21 | + </section> |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | + <section class="how-it-works"> |
| 24 | + <h2>How It Works</h2> |
| 25 | + <ol> |
| 26 | + <li>Transistors toggle via capacitor-coupled feedback</li> |
| 27 | + <li>Capacitor charge time sets oscillation frequency</li> |
| 28 | + <li>Control voltage modulates resistance in RC path</li> |
| 29 | + <li>Output: square wave or filtered triangle-like wave</li> |
| 30 | + </ol> |
| 31 | + </section> |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | + <section class="variations"> |
| 34 | + <h2>Circuit Variations</h2> |
| 35 | + <ul> |
| 36 | + <li>JFET as voltage-controlled resistor</li> |
| 37 | + <li>LED indicators on transistor collectors</li> |
| 38 | + <li>RC filter for smoother waveform</li> |
| 39 | + </ul> |
| 40 | + </section> |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | + <section class="visual-index"> |
| 43 | + <h2>Visual Index</h2> |
| 44 | + <p>Interactive diagram: voltage slider → waveform preview → frequency readout</p> |
| 45 | + </section> |
| 46 | + |
| 47 | + <section class="philosophy"> |
| 48 | + <h2>Philosophical Footnote</h2> |
| 49 | + <p>From binary logic comes rhythm, and from rhythm comes tone. Even the simplest components — when arranged with care — can sing.</p> |
| 50 | + </section> |
| 51 | + </article> |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | + <footer> |
| 54 | + <p>© 2025 Edward Saul · Form follows function, but meaning follows form</p> |
| 55 | + </footer> |
| 56 | +</section> |
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