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.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

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<!--
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Thank you for contributing to Meshery!
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Thank you for contributing to Exoscale Academy!
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Contributing Conventions:
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.github/workflows/multi-platform.yml

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---
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title: "Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) Preparation"
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description: "This learning path prepares you for the Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) exam, covering essential topics such as cluster architecture, installation, configuration, and troubleshooting."
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banner: ""
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courses: 9
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weight: 8
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---
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---
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id: "certifications"
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description: "Get an overview of the existing Kubernetes certifications and what you need to learn for the CKA."
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title: "Certifications"
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weight: 1
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---
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Get an overview of the existing Kubernetes certifications and what you need to learn for the CKA.
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## Several certifications available
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---
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| Certification | Type | Badge |
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|-------------------------------------------------------|----------|-------|
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| Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate (KCNA) | MCQ | ![kcna](kcna.png) |
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| Kubernetes and Cloud Native Security Associate (KCSA) | MCQ | ![kcsa](kcsa.png) |
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| Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) | Practice | ![ckad](ckad.png) |
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| Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) | Practice | ![cka](cka.png) |
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| Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) | Practice | ![cks](cks.png) |
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\* *passing the CKA is a requirement before passing the CKS*
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If you pass all those certifications, you become a [Kubestronaut](https://www.cncf.io/training/kubestronaut/).
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## Expectation for the CKA
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---
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The following table summarizes the distribution of the CKA questions across 5 main subjects.
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| Subject | % |
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|----------------------------------------------------|-----|
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| Cluster Architecture, Installation & Configuration | 25% |
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| Workloads & Scheduling | 15% |
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| Services & Networking | 20% |
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| Storage | 10% |
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| Troubleshooting | 30% |
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## CKA Environment
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---
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The CKA is a 2h exam. It contains 15/20 questions and requires at least 66% correct answers. This exam is remotely proctored, so you can take it from home (or any other quiet location) at a time that best suits your schedule.
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Before launching the exam, which you do via your [Linux Foundation Training Portal](https://trainingportal.linuxfoundation.org/access/saml/login), you need to perform a couple of prerequisites including making sure the PSI Browser works correctly on your environment. This browser gives you access to the remote Desktop you'll use during the exam.
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![psi-browser](psi-browser.png)
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## Tips & tricks
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---
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### Tools
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Make sure you have a basic knowledge of
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- **vim**
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- **openssl**
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```bash
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# Visualize the content of a certificate
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openssl x509 -in cert.crt -noout -text
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```
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- **systemd / systemctl / journalctl**
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```bash
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# Restart kubelet
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systemctl restart kubelet
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# Check kubelet logs
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journalctl -u kubelet
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```
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### Aliases
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Defining a couple of aliases at the very beginning of the examination could save time.
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```bash
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alias k=kubectl
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export dr="--dry-run=client -o yaml"
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export fd="--grace-period=0 --force"
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```
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### Imperative commands
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Don't create specifications manually, instead use `--dry-run=client -o yaml` as in these examples.
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```bash
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k run nginx --image=nginx:1.20 --dry-run=client -o yaml > pod.yaml
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k create deploy www --image=nginx:1.20 --replicas=3 --dry-run=client -o yaml > deploy.yaml
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k create role create-pod --verb=create --resource=pods --dry-run=client -o yaml > role.yaml
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```
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Quickly change the current Namespace.
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```bash
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k config set-context --current --namespace=dev
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```
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Don't wait for the grace period to get rid of a Pod.
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```bash
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k delete po nginx --force --grace-period=0
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```
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### Reference guide
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The [Kubectl quick reference guide](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/quick-reference/) is a must-read.
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### Access to exam simulator
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Registering for the CKA gives you access to two sessions of the official Exam simulator. I highly recommend using these sessions once you're almost ready.
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