Structures and Union

Author: mrnazu

Structures and Union/README.md

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+# Structures and Union
+#### Structures provides a way for us to create our own data type called “ user-defined data type”
+#### Assume that we have to store the details of a student, so we can use structure to store it as below:
+#### Structures in C is a user-defined data type available in C that allows to combining of data items of different kinds. Structures are used to represent a record. 
+#### To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, with more than or equal to one member. 
+
+```
+ struct [structure name]
+   {
+       member definition;
+       member definition;
+       ...
+       member definition;
+   };
+```
+
+

Structures and Union/struUnion.c

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+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+  
+// declaring structure
+struct struct_example
+{
+    int integer;
+    float decimal;
+    char name[20];
+};
+  
+// declaring union
+  
+union union_example
+{
+    int integer;
+    float decimal;
+    char name[20];
+};
+  
+void main()
+{
+    // creating variable for structure
+    // and initializing values difference
+    // six
+    struct struct_example s={18,38,"nazusecurity"};
+  
+    // creating variable for union
+    // and initializing values
+    union union_example u={18,38,"nazusecurity"};
+  
+          
+    printf("structure data:\n integer: %d\n"
+                "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
+                s.integer, s.decimal, s.name);
+    printf("\nunion data:\n integer: %d\n"
+                 "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
+                u.integer, u.decimal, u.name);
+  
+  
+    // difference two and three
+    printf("\nsizeof structure : %d\n", sizeof(s));
+    printf("sizeof union : %d\n", sizeof(u));
+      
+    // difference five
+    printf("\n Accessing all members at a time:");
+    s.integer = 183;
+    s.decimal = 90;
+    strcpy(s.name, "nazusecurity");
+      
+    printf("structure data:\n integer: %d\n "
+                "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
+            s.integer, s.decimal, s.name);
+      
+    u.integer = 183;
+    u.decimal = 90;
+    strcpy(u.name, "nazusecurity");
+      
+    printf("\nunion data:\n integer: %d\n "
+                "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
+            u.integer, u.decimal, u.name);
+      
+    printf("\n Accessing one member at time:");
+      
+    printf("\nstructure data:");
+    s.integer = 240;
+    printf("\ninteger: %d", s.integer);
+      
+    s.decimal = 120;
+    printf("\ndecimal: %f", s.decimal);
+      
+    strcpy(s.name, "C programming");
+    printf("\nname: %s\n", s.name);
+      
+    printf("\n union data:");
+    u.integer = 240;
+    printf("\ninteger: %d", u.integer);
+      
+    u.decimal = 120;
+    printf("\ndecimal: %f", u.decimal);
+      
+    strcpy(u.name, "C programming");
+    printf("\nname: %s\n", u.name);
+      
+    //difference four
+    printf("\nAltering a member value:\n");
+    s.integer = 1218;
+    printf("structure data:\n integer: %d\n "
+                " decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
+                s.integer, s.decimal, s.name);
+      
+    u.integer = 1218;
+    printf("union data:\n integer: %d\n"
+           " decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
+            u.integer, u.decimal, u.name);
+}