improve retry logic

Updates dependencies and improves retry logic

- Updates composer dependencies to newer versions, including Laravel 12 and PHP 8.2
- Refactors retry logic to include exponential backoff with jitter for more robust handling of deadlocks
- Improves logging context with request details (URL, method, token, userId) when available, and includes full exception traces for debugging
- Enhance logic to identify retryable deadlock/serialization failure errors