Incremental steps to support Android XR

.github/azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ schedules:
 
 variables:
 - name: ndkVersion
-  value: 25.2.9519653
+  value: 28.2.13676358
 
 jobs:
   # WIN32

.github/jobs/android.yml

@@ -9,23 +9,64 @@ jobs:
   timeoutInMinutes: 30
 
   pool:
-    vmImage: macos-13
+    vmImage: macos-latest
 
   steps:
+  - task: JavaToolInstaller@0
+    displayName: 'Set up JDK 17'
+    inputs:
+      versionSpec: '17'
+      jdkArchitectureOption: 'x64'
+      jdkSourceOption: 'PreInstalled'
+
   - script: |
-      echo Install Android image
-      export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME_8_X64
-      echo 'y' | $ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager --install 'system-images;android-27;default;x86_64'
-      echo 'y' | $ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses
-      echo Create AVD
-      $ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/avdmanager create avd -n Pixel_API_27 -d pixel -k 'system-images;android-27;default;x86_64'
+      echo "Install NDK and Android SDK"
+      # Use Java 17 which is compatible with modern Android tooling
+      export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME_17_X64
+      export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
+      # Clear any problematic Java options - not needed with Java 17
+      unset _JAVA_OPTIONS
+
+      echo "Java version:"
+      java -version
+
+      # Use cmdline-tools instead of deprecated tools/bin path
+      echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager --install "ndk;$(ndkVersion)"
+      echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager --install "platforms;android-35"
+      echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager --install "build-tools;35.0.0"
+      echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager --install "system-images;android-35;google_apis;x86_64"
+      echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager --licenses
+      echo "Create AVD with Pixel 2 profile and optimized memory"
+      echo "no" | $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/avdmanager create avd -n Pixel_2_API_35 -d pixel_2 -k "system-images;android-35;google_apis;x86_64"
+      # Optimize AVD for CI - reduce memory and disk size
+      echo "hw.ramSize=1024" >> ~/.android/avd/Pixel_2_API_35.avd/config.ini
+      echo "disk.dataPartition.size=2G" >> ~/.android/avd/Pixel_2_API_35.avd/config.ini
+      echo "hw.gpu.enabled=yes" >> ~/.android/avd/Pixel_2_API_35.avd/config.ini
+      echo "hw.gpu.mode=swiftshader_indirect" >> ~/.android/avd/Pixel_2_API_35.avd/config.ini
     displayName: 'Install Android Emulator'
 
   - script: |
-      echo Start emulator
-      nohup $ANDROID_HOME/emulator/emulator -avd Pixel_API_27 -gpu host -no-window -no-audio -no-boot-anim 2>&1 &
+      export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME_17_X64
+      export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
+      unset _JAVA_OPTIONS
+
+      echo Start emulator with optimized settings
+      nohup $ANDROID_HOME/emulator/emulator -avd Pixel_2_API_35 -gpu swiftshader_indirect -no-window -no-audio -no-boot-anim -no-snapshot-save -memory 1024 -partition-size 2048 2>&1 &
       echo Wait for emulator
-      $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb wait-for-device shell 'while [[ -z $(getprop sys.boot_completed) ]]; do echo '.'; sleep 1; done'
+      $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb wait-for-device shell 'while [[ -z $(getprop sys.boot_completed) ]]; do echo "Waiting for boot..."; sleep 2; done'
+
+      # Additional wait for package manager to be ready
+      echo "Waiting for package manager..."
+      $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb shell 'while [[ -z $(pm list packages 2>/dev/null) ]]; do sleep 2; done'
+
+      # Disable animations for test stability
+      $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb shell settings put global window_animation_scale 0
+      $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb shell settings put global transition_animation_scale 0
+      $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb shell settings put global animator_duration_scale 0
+
+      # Increase ADB timeout
+      export ADB_INSTALL_TIMEOUT=120
+
       $ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb devices
     displayName: 'Start Android Emulator'
 
@@ -35,17 +76,24 @@ jobs:
       workingDirectory: 'Tests/UnitTests/Android'
       options: '-PabiFilters=x86_64 -PjsEngine=${{parameters.jsEngine}} -PndkVersion=$(ndkVersion)'
       tasks: 'connectedAndroidTest'
-      jdkVersionOption: 1.17
+      jdkVersionOption: '1.17'
     displayName: 'Run Connected Android Test'
+    retryCountOnTaskFailure: 2
 
   - script: |
+      # Dump test failure details when tests fail
+      if [ -f ./app/build/outputs/androidTest-results/connected/TEST-*.xml ]; then
+        echo "=== Test Results Summary ==="
+        grep -h "testcase\|failure" ./app/build/outputs/androidTest-results/connected/TEST-*.xml || true
+      fi
+      # Dump logcat output which contains our detailed error messages
       find ./app/build/outputs/androidTest-results -name "*.txt" -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d '' file; do
-        echo "cat \"$file\""
-        cat "$file"
+        echo "=== Logcat Output from: $file ==="
+        cat "$file" | grep -E "(FAILED|TEST FAILURES|Error:|Stack:|JsRuntimeHost)" || cat "$file"
       done
     workingDirectory: 'Tests/UnitTests/Android'
     condition: succeededOrFailed()
-    displayName: 'Dump logcat from Test Results'
+    displayName: 'Dump test failure details and logcat'
 
   - task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
     inputs:

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 /Build
+/Tests/UnitTests/dist/

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ FetchContent_Declare(arcana.cpp
     GIT_TAG 1a8a5d6e95413ed14b38a6ac9419048f9a9c8009)
 FetchContent_Declare(AndroidExtensions
     GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/bghgary/AndroidExtensions.git
-    GIT_TAG        7d88a601fda9892791e7b4e994e375e049615688)
+    GIT_TAG        24370fff52a03ef43dcf5e5fcb8b84338b779a05)
 FetchContent_Declare(asio
     GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/chriskohlhoff/asio.git
     GIT_TAG f693a3eb7fe72a5f19b975289afc4f437d373d9c)

Core/AppRuntime/V8Inspector/Source/V8InspectorAgent.cpp

@@ -426,8 +426,8 @@ namespace Babylon
         }
         v8::Local<v8::String> string_value = v8::Local<v8::String>::Cast(value);
         int len = string_value->Length();
-        std::basic_string<uint16_t> buffer(len, '\0');
-        string_value->Write(v8::Isolate::GetCurrent(), &buffer[0], 0, len);
+        std::vector<uint16_t> buffer(len, 0);
+        string_value->Write(v8::Isolate::GetCurrent(), buffer.data(), 0, len);
         return v8_inspector::StringBuffer::create(
             v8_inspector::StringView(buffer.data(), len));
     }

Core/Node-API/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ if(NAPI_BUILD_ABI)
             npm(install --no-package-lock --silent WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
 
             file(GLOB_RECURSE ANDROID_ARCHIVE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/node_modules/${V8_PACKAGE_NAME}/${aar_path}/*.aar")
+            if(NOT ANDROID_ARCHIVE)
+                message(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find archive at ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/node_modules/${V8_PACKAGE_NAME}/${aar_path}/*.aar")
+            endif()
             file(ARCHIVE_EXTRACT INPUT ${ANDROID_ARCHIVE} DESTINATION ${output_directory} PATTERNS jni)
             message(STATUS "Extracting ${V8_PACKAGE_NAME} archive - done")
 
@@ -56,7 +59,8 @@ if(NAPI_BUILD_ABI)
         if(ANDROID)
             set(V8_PACKAGE_NAME "jsc-android")
             set(JSC_ANDROID_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${V8_PACKAGE_NAME}")
-            napi_install_android_package(jsc "dist/org/webkit/android-jsc" ${JSC_ANDROID_DIR})
+            # Use android-jsc-intl for full intl support
+            napi_install_android_package(jsc "dist/org/webkit/android-jsc-intl" ${JSC_ANDROID_DIR})
 
             # Add `JavaScriptCore` prefix to the include path
             file(RENAME "${JSC_ANDROID_DIR}/include" "${JSC_ANDROID_DIR}/JavaScriptCore")

Core/Node-API/Source/js_native_api_javascriptcore.cc

@@ -19,6 +19,38 @@ struct napi_callback_info__ {
 };
 
 namespace {
+  // Template specialization to provide char_traits functionality for JSChar (unsigned short)
+  // at compile time, mimicking std::char_traits interface
+  template<typename CharT>
+  struct jschar_traits;
+
+  template<>
+  struct jschar_traits<JSChar> {
+    using char_type = JSChar;
+
+    static constexpr size_t length(const char_type* str) noexcept {
+      if (!str) return 0;
+      const char_type* s = str;
+      while (*s) ++s;
+      return s - str;
+    }
+
+    static constexpr int compare(const char_type* s1, const char_type* s2, size_t n) noexcept {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+        if (s1[i] < s2[i]) return -1;
+        if (s1[i] > s2[i]) return 1;
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    static constexpr const char_type* find(const char_type* s, size_t n, const char_type& c) noexcept {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+        if (s[i] == c) return s + i;
+      }
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  };
+
   class JSString {
    public:
     JSString(const JSString&) = delete;
@@ -33,7 +65,7 @@ namespace {
     }
 
     JSString(const JSChar* string, size_t length = NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH)
-      : _string{JSStringCreateWithCharacters(string, length == NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH ? std::char_traits<JSChar>::length(string) : length)} {
+      : _string{JSStringCreateWithCharacters(string, length == NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH ? jschar_traits<JSChar>::length(string) : length)} {
     }
 
     ~JSString() {

Core/Node-API/package-jsc.json

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
   "dependencies": {
-    "jsc-android": "250231.0.0"
+    "jsc-android": "294992.0.0"
   }
 }

README.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ polyfills that consumers can include if required.
 
 ## **Building - All Development Platforms**
 
-**Required Tools:** [git](https://git-scm.com/), [CMake](https://cmake.org/), [node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/)
+**Required Tools:** [git](https://git-scm.com/), [CMake 3.29 (or newer)](https://cmake.org/), [node.js (20.x or newer)](https://nodejs.org/en/)
 
 The first step for all development environments and targets is to clone this repository. 
 
@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@ npm install
 _Follow the steps from [All Development Platforms](#all-development-platforms) before proceeding._
 
 **Required Tools:**
-[Android Studio](https://developer.android.com/studio), [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download/), [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/)
+[Android Studio](https://developer.android.com/studio) (with Android NDK 28.2.13676358 and API level 35 SDK platforms installed), [Node.js (20.x or newer)](https://nodejs.org/en/download/), [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/)
 
-The minimal requirement target is Android 5.0.
+The minimal requirement target is Android 10.0, which has [~95%](https://gs.statcounter.com/android-version-market-share/mobile-tablet/worldwide) active device coverage globally. Android 10 support covers Meta Quest 1 (and newer), HTC Vive Focus 2 (and newer), and Pico 3 (and newer).
+
+> **Note:** JsRuntimeHost uses NDK 28.2 for Android XR compatibility. The project automatically downloads and uses a prebuilt V8 JavaScript engine optimized for Android.
 
 Only building with Android Studio is supported. CMake is not used directly. Instead, Gradle
 is used for building and CMake is automatically invocated for building the native part.
@@ -68,4 +70,4 @@ Security Response Center (MSRC) at [secure@microsoft.com](mailto:secure@microsof
 You should receive a response within 24 hours. If for some reason you do not, please 
 follow up via email to ensure we received your original message. Further information, 
 including the [MSRC PGP](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/dn606155) key, can 
-be found in the [Security TechCenter](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/default).
+be found in the [Security TechCenter](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/default).

Tests/UnitTests/Android/app/build.gradle

@@ -7,26 +7,26 @@ if (project.hasProperty("jsEngine")) {
     jsEngine = project.property("jsEngine")
 }
 
+def targetApiLevel = 35
+def requiredNdkVersion = project.findProperty("ndkVersion") ?: "28.2.13676358"
+
 android {
     namespace 'com.jsruntimehost.unittests'
-    compileSdk 33
-    ndkVersion = "23.1.7779620"
-    if (project.hasProperty("ndkVersion")) {
-        ndkVersion = project.property("ndkVersion")
-    }
+    compileSdk targetApiLevel
+    ndkVersion = requiredNdkVersion
 
     defaultConfig {
         applicationId "com.jsruntimehost.unittests"
         minSdk 21
-        targetSdk 33
+        targetSdk targetApiLevel
         versionCode 1
         versionName "1.0"
 
         testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
 
         externalNativeBuild {
             cmake {
-                arguments (
+                arguments(
                     "-DANDROID_STL=c++_shared",
                     "-DNAPI_JAVASCRIPT_ENGINE=${jsEngine}",
                     "-DJSRUNTIMEHOST_CORE_APPRUNTIME_V8_INSPECTOR=ON"
@@ -101,3 +101,6 @@ tasks.configureEach { task ->
         task.dependsOn(copyScripts)
     }
 }
+
+// Note: The Android Gradle Plugin should handle NDK location automatically
+// If you encounter NDK issues, ensure you have NDK 28.2.13676358 installed via SDK Manager

Tests/UnitTests/Android/app/src/main/cpp/JNI.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include <jni.h>
-#include <Android/log.h>
+#include <android/log.h>
 #include <AndroidExtensions/Globals.h>
 #include <AndroidExtensions/JavaWrappers.h>
 #include <AndroidExtensions/StdoutLogger.h>
@@ -17,16 +17,17 @@ Java_com_jsruntimehost_unittests_Native_javaScriptTests(JNIEnv* env, jclass claz
     jclass webSocketClass{env->FindClass("com/jsruntimehost/unittests/WebSocket")};
     java::websocket::WebSocketClient::InitializeJavaWebSocketClass(webSocketClass, env);
 
-    android::StdoutLogger::Start();
+    // Temporarily disable StdoutLogger due to fdsan issue with NDK 28
+    // android::StdoutLogger::Start();
 
     android::global::Initialize(javaVM, context);
 
     Babylon::DebugTrace::EnableDebugTrace(true);
-    Babylon::DebugTrace::SetTraceOutput([](const char* trace) { printf("%s\n", trace); fflush(stdout); });
+    Babylon::DebugTrace::SetTraceOutput([](const char* trace) { __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "JsRuntimeHost", "%s", trace); });
 
     auto testResult = RunTests();
 
-    android::StdoutLogger::Stop();
+    // android::StdoutLogger::Stop();
 
     java::websocket::WebSocketClient::DestructJavaWebSocketClass(env);
     return testResult;