Standardized README to Markdown format

README.md

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+# Readme for the Models Associated with the Paper
+
+Wu, S.-N. And H.-D. Chang (2005). "Diethyl pyrocarbonate, a histidine-modifying agent, directly stimulates activity of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in pituitary GH3 cells"
+*Biochem Pharm* 2005 Dec 19; [Epub ahead of print].
+
+## ABSTRACT
+
+The ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels are composed of sulfonylurea receptor and inwardly rectifying K(+) channel (Kir6.2) subunit. These channels are regulated by intracellular ADP/ATP ratio and play a role in cellular metabolism. Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), a histidine-specific alkylating reagent, is known to modify the histidine residues of the structure of proteins. The objective of this study was to determine whether DEPC modifies K(ATP)-channel activity in pituitary GH(3) cells.
+
+Steady-state fluctuation analyses of macroscopic K(+) current at -120mV produced power spectra that could be fitted with a single Lorentzian curve in these cells. The time constants in the presence of DEPC were increased. Consistent with fluctuation analyses, the mean open time of K(ATP)-channels was significantly increased during exposure to DEPC. However, DEPC produced no change in single-channel conductance, despite the ability of this compound to enhance K(ATP)-channel activity in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC(50) value of 16 µM.
+
+DEPC-stimulated K(ATP)-channel activity was attenuated by pretreatment with glibenclamide. In current-clamp configuration, DEPC decreased the firing of action potentials in GH(3) cells. A further application of glibenclamide reversed DEPC-induced inhibition of spontaneous action potentials. Intracellular Ca(2+) measurements revealed the ability of DEPC to decrease Ca(2+) oscillations in GH(3) cells.
+
+Simulation studies also demonstrated that the increased conductance of K(ATP)-channels used to mimic DEPC actions reduced the frequency of spontaneous action potentials and fluctuation of intracellular Ca(2+).
+
+The results indicate that chemical modification with DEPC enhances K(ATP)-channel activity and influences functional activities of pituitary GH(3) cells.
+
+---
+
+## To Run the Models:
+
+**XPP:** start with the command
+
+```
+xpp ode\GH3_Katp
+```
+
+Mouse click on Initialconds, and then (G)o.
+This makes a trace similar to fig 7 of the paper:
+
+![xpp image](v_vs_t.jpg)
+
+Regarding the xpp program, please visit Bard Ermentrout's website [http://www.pitt.edu/~phase/](http://www.pitt.edu/~phase/) which describes how to get and use xpp (Bard wrote xpp).
+
+---
+
+## Model File Contributors
+
+These model files were submitted by:
+
+Dr. Sheng-Nan Wu, Han-Dong Chang
+Department of Physiology
+National Cheng Kung University Medical College Tainan 70101, Taiwan
+
+snwu@mail.ncku.edu.tw
+
+---
+
+2025-05-27 – Standardized to Markdown.