Warn when SWIFT_EXEC or SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST point to invalid paths.

Sources/CoreCommands/SwiftCommandState.swift

@@ -1041,6 +1041,7 @@ public final class SwiftCommandState {
                 swiftSDK: swiftSDK,
                 environment: self.environment,
                 customTargetInfo: targetInfo,
+                observabilityScope: self.observabilityScope,
                 fileSystem: self.fileSystem)
         })
     }()
@@ -1057,6 +1058,7 @@ public final class SwiftCommandState {
             swiftSDK: hostSwiftSDK,
             environment: self.environment,
             customTargetInfo: targetInfo,
+            observabilityScope: self.observabilityScope,
             fileSystem: self.fileSystem
         )
     })

Sources/PackageModel/UserToolchain.swift

@@ -339,7 +339,8 @@ public final class UserToolchain: Toolchain {
         useXcrun: Bool,
         environment: Environment,
         searchPaths: [AbsolutePath],
-        fileSystem: any FileSystem
+        fileSystem: any FileSystem,
+        observabilityScope: ObservabilityScope? = nil
     ) throws -> SwiftCompilers {
         func validateCompiler(at path: AbsolutePath?) throws {
             guard let path else { return }
@@ -351,10 +352,37 @@ public final class UserToolchain: Toolchain {
         }
 
         let lookup = { UserToolchain.lookup(variable: $0, searchPaths: searchPaths, environment: environment) }
+
+        // Warn if SWIFT_EXEC or SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST is set but points to a non-existent or non-executable path
+        func warnIfInvalid(envVar: String, value: String, resolved: AbsolutePath?) {
+            guard resolved == nil else { return }
+
+            let message: String
+            if let absolutePath = try? AbsolutePath(validating: value) {
+                if fileSystem.exists(absolutePath) {
+                    message = "\(envVar) is set to '\(value)' which exists but is not executable; ignoring"
+                } else {
+                    message = "\(envVar) is set to '\(value)' but the file does not exist; ignoring"
+                }
+            } else {
+                message = "\(envVar) is set to '\(value)' but no executable was found in search paths; ignoring"
+            }
+
+            observabilityScope?.emit(warning: message)
+        }
+
         // Get overrides.
         let SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST = lookup("SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST")
         let SWIFT_EXEC = lookup("SWIFT_EXEC")
 
+        // Emit warnings if environment variables are set but lookup failed
+        if let swiftExecValue = environment["SWIFT_EXEC"], !swiftExecValue.isEmpty {
+            warnIfInvalid(envVar: "SWIFT_EXEC", value: swiftExecValue, resolved: SWIFT_EXEC)
+        }
+        if let swiftExecManifestValue = environment["SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST"], !swiftExecManifestValue.isEmpty {
+            warnIfInvalid(envVar: "SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST", value: swiftExecManifestValue, resolved: SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST)
+        }
+
         // Validate the overrides.
         try validateCompiler(at: SWIFT_EXEC)
         try validateCompiler(at: SWIFT_EXEC_MANIFEST)
@@ -693,6 +721,7 @@ public final class UserToolchain: Toolchain {
         customTargetInfo: JSON? = nil,
         customLibrariesLocation: ToolchainConfiguration.SwiftPMLibrariesLocation? = nil,
         customInstalledSwiftPMConfiguration: InstalledSwiftPMConfiguration? = nil,
+        observabilityScope: ObservabilityScope? = nil,
         fileSystem: any FileSystem = localFileSystem
     ) throws {
         self.swiftSDK = swiftSDK
@@ -716,7 +745,8 @@ public final class UserToolchain: Toolchain {
             useXcrun: self.useXcrun,
             environment: environment,
             searchPaths: self.envSearchPaths,
-            fileSystem: fileSystem
+            fileSystem: fileSystem,
+            observabilityScope: observabilityScope
         )
         self.swiftCompilerPath = swiftCompilers.compile
         self.architectures = swiftSDK.architectures

Tests/PackageModelTests/PackageModelTests.swift

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import Basics
 @_spi(SwiftPMInternal)
 @testable import PackageModel
 
+import _InternalTestSupport
 import func TSCBasic.withTemporaryFile
 import XCTest
 
@@ -199,4 +200,90 @@ final class PackageModelTests: XCTestCase {
                 XCTAssertEqual(compilers.compile, binDirs.first?.appending(expectedExecuable))
             }
     }
+
+    func testDetermineSwiftCompilersWarnsOnInvalidSWIFT_EXEC() throws {
+        let fs = localFileSystem
+        try withTemporaryDirectory(removeTreeOnDeinit: true) { tmp in
+            let toolchainPath = tmp.appending("swift.xctoolchain")
+            let toolchainBinDir = toolchainPath.appending(components: "usr", "bin")
+            try fs.createDirectory(toolchainBinDir, recursive: true)
+
+            #if os(Windows)
+            let exeSuffix = ".exe"
+            #else
+            let exeSuffix = ""
+            #endif
+
+            // Create a valid swiftc in the toolchain
+            let validSwiftc = toolchainBinDir.appending("swiftc\(exeSuffix)")
+            try fs.writeFileContents(validSwiftc, bytes: ByteString(Self.tinyPEBytes))
+            #if !os(Windows)
+            try fs.chmod(.executable, path: validSwiftc, options: [])
+            #endif
+
+            // Test 1: SWIFT_EXEC points to non-existent file
+            do {
+                let observability = ObservabilitySystem.makeForTesting()
+                let nonExistentPath = tmp.appending(components: "nonexistent", "path", "to", "swiftc")
+                let environment: Environment = ["SWIFT_EXEC": nonExistentPath.pathString]
+
+                _ = try UserToolchain.determineSwiftCompilers(
+                    binDirectories: [toolchainBinDir],
+                    useXcrun: false,
+                    environment: environment,
+                    searchPaths: [],
+                    fileSystem: fs,
+                    observabilityScope: observability.topScope
+                )
+
+                testDiagnostics(observability.diagnostics) { result in
+                    result.check(diagnostic: .contains("SWIFT_EXEC is set to '\(nonExistentPath.pathString)' but the file does not exist; ignoring"), severity: .warning)
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Test 2: SWIFT_EXEC points to file that exists but is not executable
+            do {
+                let observability = ObservabilitySystem.makeForTesting()
+                let notExecutablePath = tmp.appending("not-executable")
+                try fs.writeFileContents(notExecutablePath, bytes: "")
+                #if !os(Windows)
+                try fs.chmod(.userUnWritable, path: notExecutablePath, options: [])
+                #endif
+
+                let environment: Environment = ["SWIFT_EXEC": notExecutablePath.pathString]
+
+                _ = try UserToolchain.determineSwiftCompilers(
+                    binDirectories: [toolchainBinDir],
+                    useXcrun: false,
+                    environment: environment,
+                    searchPaths: [],
+                    fileSystem: fs,
+                    observabilityScope: observability.topScope
+                )
+
+                testDiagnostics(observability.diagnostics) { result in
+                    result.check(diagnostic: .contains("SWIFT_EXEC is set to '\(notExecutablePath.pathString)' which exists but is not executable; ignoring"), severity: .warning)
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Test 3: SWIFT_EXEC is not an absolute path and not found in search paths
+            do {
+                let observability = ObservabilitySystem.makeForTesting()
+                let environment: Environment = ["SWIFT_EXEC": "nonexistent-compiler"]
+
+                _ = try UserToolchain.determineSwiftCompilers(
+                    binDirectories: [toolchainBinDir],
+                    useXcrun: false,
+                    environment: environment,
+                    searchPaths: [],
+                    fileSystem: fs,
+                    observabilityScope: observability.topScope
+                )
+
+                testDiagnostics(observability.diagnostics) { result in
+                    result.check(diagnostic: .contains("SWIFT_EXEC is set to 'nonexistent-compiler' but no executable was found in search paths; ignoring"), severity: .warning)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }