---

FireSafety-IoT

Project by Hariom Sharnam

A real-time Fire Safety System using ESP32-S2, dual OLED displays, a NeoPixel ring, and multiple sensors. Designed for monitoring temperature, smoke, and motion for home or workplace safety, especially during high-risk situations like festivals or periods of high fire hazard.

This project demonstrates a smart IoT system capable of detecting fire early, providing instant alerts, and logging sensor data for analysis.

---

Vision

Fire accidents are a significant hazard in households and workplaces. Traditional fire alarms often alert too late, only when smoke or fire has already spread.

This project is designed to:

• Detect smoke, temperature spikes, and unusual motion patterns in real-time.
• Provide visual and audio alerts that are immediate and intuitive.
• Maintain a log of sensor readings for monitoring trends and improving safety response.

The ultimate goal is to create a proactive fire safety solution that is easy to deploy, reliable, and informative.

---

Project Functionality

The FireSafety-IoT system integrates multiple sensors and outputs to provide comprehensive monitoring:

1. Sensors

• DHT22 (Temperature & Humidity Sensor)

  • Continuously monitors ambient temperature and humidity.
  • Fires an alert if temperature exceeds the predefined threshold (TEMP_FIRE).

• MQ-2 Gas/Smoke Sensor

  • Detects smoke or gas in the environment.
  • Analog output on ESP32-S2 is 0–4095; alert is triggered if value exceeds SMOKE_FIRE.

• PIR Motion Sensor

  • Detects human presence.
  • Prevents false alarms by deactivating buzzer if motion is detected while fire is being handled.

2. Outputs

• NeoPixel Ring

  • Provides visual alert:

    • Green: Safe
    • Orange → Red: Fire detected

  • Full ring lights up, creating a clear visual signal.

• Buzzer

  • Produces audio alert only if fire is detected without motion nearby to reduce false alarms.

• Dual OLED Displays

  • OLED1: Shows fire alert status, motion detection, buzzer status, and project credit ("By Hariom Sharnam").
  • OLED2: Displays detailed sensor logs: temperature, humidity, smoke level, and motion.

3. Real-Time Monitoring

• Sensor readings are updated every 200ms, providing fast and responsive monitoring.
• OLED updates are flicker-free to maintain readability.
• NeoPixel ring updates in real-time to reflect fire status.

---

Hardware Overview

ESP32-S2 Pin Connections

Component	ESP32-S2 Pin
NeoPixel DIN	2
PIR Motion Sensor	19
DHT22 Data	26
Buzzer	33
MQ-2 Analog	34
OLED1 SDA	21
OLED1 SCL	37
OLED2 SDA	39
OLED2 SCL	38

Project Demo

The FireSafety-IoT system simulation, layout, and hardware setup are shown below:

Simulation and Layout:

Figure 1: ESP32-S2 with sensors, NeoPixel ring, and dual OLED displays.

Figure 2: Breadboard layout showing sensor connections and wiring.

Figure 3: gas sensor.

Figure 4: OLED1 showing fire alert,editing dh22.

Figure 5: OLED2 showing real-time temperature, humidity, smoke, and motion readings.

Figure 6: PIR motion.

Power Requirements:

• 5V rail: Sensors & NeoPixel VCC
• GND rail: Common ground for all components

---

Software / Libraries Required

• Adafruit NeoPixel
• Adafruit SSD1306
• DHT sensor library

Development Environment: Arduino IDE

---

Sensor Thresholds

• TEMP_FIRE = 45°C → Temperature at which fire alert triggers
• SMOKE_FIRE = 300 (Analog read value) → Smoke threshold for alert
• PIR motion used to reduce false buzzer alarms

These thresholds can be adjusted depending on the environment or sensitivity required.

---

Operation Flow

1. Sensor Reading

   • DHT22 measures temperature & humidity
   • MQ-2 reads smoke levels
   • PIR detects motion

2. Decision Logic

   • Fire is considered detected if:

     • Temperature ≥ TEMP_FIRE OR
     • Smoke ≥ SMOKE_FIRE

   • Buzzer only sounds if fire is detected and no motion is present

3. Display Updates

   • OLED1: Shows fire status, motion, buzzer, and project credit
   • OLED2: Logs temperature, humidity, smoke, and motion readings

4. NeoPixel Ring Updates

   • Fire Detected: Full ring blinks from orange to red
   • Safe: Full ring solid green

---

System Features

• Real-time monitoring with minimal delay
• Flicker-free dual OLED displays
• Full NeoPixel ring for immediate visual feedback
• Smart buzzer control to avoid false alarms
• Modular design; additional sensors can be added
• Configurable thresholds for smoke and temperature

---

Installation & Usage

1. Install the required Arduino libraries via Arduino Library Manager.
2. Connect sensors, NeoPixel ring, and OLED displays to ESP32-S2 according to the hardware table.
3. Upload FireSafetySystem.ino to ESP32-S2.
4. Power the system.
5. Observe OLED displays for alerts and logs, and NeoPixel ring for visual fire indicators.

---

Notes

• Ensure NeoPixel ring is powered with 5V and grounded correctly.
• Adjust SMOKE_FIRE threshold to suit your environment.
• Serial prints can be added for debugging sensor outputs.
• System designed to be modular, allowing easy integration of additional sensors or displays.

---

Author

Hariom Sharnam